salient features

In its original form, it consisted of 395 Articles and 8 Schedules.
As of January 2020, it consists of 470 articles in 25 parts, 12 schedules, and 5 appendices. 104 amendments

Indian Constitution may be called rigid as well as flexible based on its amending procedure.

The term socialist was added to the Indian Constitution through the 42nd Amendment in 1976

Parliament controls the functioning of the Council of Ministers, and hence it is called the Parliamentary system.
In a parliamentary system of government, (i.e.) the executive is responsible to the legislature and remains in power only when it enjoys the confidence of the majority legislators.

The Citizenship Act, 1955
The Indian Constitution provides for citizenship by birth, descent, registration, naturalization and by incorporation of territory.
The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2015 was introduced in Lok Sabha on 27th February, 2015 that amends the Citizenship Act, 1955.
Civis - Latin Word

In India, the judicial system is an autonomous organ kept free from the influence and intervention of the executive and the legislature in exercising its functions.
The integrated Indian judicial system has the Supreme Court at the apex, the high courts and lower courts are subordinate to it.

Fundamental Rights are mentioned in Part III of the Indian Constitution.
Fundamental Rights are categorized into six heads;
Firstly Right to Equality, Secondly Right to Freedom, Thirdly Right against Exploitation, Fourthly Right to Freedom of Religion, Fifthly Cultural and Educational Rights and lastly Right to Constitutional Remedies.
Initially there was a provision for Right to Property under [[Art 31]] which was also a Fundamental Right.
The [[44th Amendment]] Act, 1978 had omitted Right to Property from the Fundamental Rights Part and added it as [[Art 300A]] and therefore is considered as a legal right
Fundamental rights are judicially enforceable, thereby the individual can move the judiciary, if there is a violation on any of these rights.
The right to move straight to the Supreme Court for the enforcement of fundamental rights has been guaranteed under Article 32 that is named as Right to Constitutional Remedies.
It ensures political justice for the people.

The Indian Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education to all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine.
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, under Article 21-A

The Fundamental Duties were added to the Indian Constitution through the 42nd Amendment.
[[Part IVA]] of Indian Constitution defines the Fundamental duties.
Article 51A - It shall be the duty of every citizen of India

India is an indestructible Union with destructible states.
The Union is not strictly a federal polity but a quasi-federal polity with some vital elements of unitariness.

Subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament or any rules made by the Supreme Court under Article 145, the Supreme Court has the power to review any judgment pronounced or made by it.