Planning Commission
- First attempt to initiate economic planning in India was made by Sir M. Visvesvarayya, in 1934 through his book, ‘Planned Economy for India’.
- He was called as father of Indian planning.
- In 1938, National Planning Committee was set up by Subhash Chandra Bose and chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru.
- In 1944, Bombay Plan was presented by 8 leading industrialists of Bombay.
- In 1944, Gandhian Plan was given by S N Agarwal. In August 1944, The British India government set up Planning and Development Department under the charge of Ardeshir Dalal.
- In 1945, People’s Plan was given by M N Roy.
- In 1946 the Interim Government was formed and it established a high level advisory planning board in order to study the problems of planning.
- In 1947, Economic Programme Committee (EPC) was formed under the chairmanship of Nehru and in 1948 it recommended the formation of permanent planning commission.
- In 1950, Sarvodaya Plan was given by J P Narayan.
The Government of India constituted planning commission on March 15th, 1950.
- Every planning decision in India originates from the planning commission and is finally approved by the National Development Council, constituted on August 1952.
- The planning commission has fixed the period of plans at five years.
- It is an extra – constitutional (i.e. non-constitutional) and non-statutory body.
- Advisory body
- Executive body
- Planning commission is composed of eight members.
- Prime Minister (Ex-Officio Chairman)
- Four full time members (including deputy chairman) Secretary
[[NITI Aayog]]
- The Planning Commission has been replaced by the NITI Aayog on 1st January, 2015.
- NITI Aayog is a policy think tank of the Government of India. It replaced the Planning Commission from 13th August, 2014.
- The Prime Minister is the Chairperson of NITI Aayog and Union Ministers will be Ex-officio members.
- The Vice- Chairman of the NITI Aayog is the functional head and the first Vice Chairman was Arvind Panangariya.
- NITI (National Institution for Transforming India) Aayog will monitor, coordinate and ensure implementation of the accepted sustainable development goals.
- NITI Aayog serves as a knowledge hub and monitors progress in the implementation of policies and programmes of the Government of India.
- It includes the matters of national and international importance on the economic front, dissemination of best practices from within the country and from other nations, the infusion of new policy ideas and specific issue-based support.
- In order to understand the achievements of the NITI Aayog, researches need to be done then and there.
Functions of NITI Aayog
- Cooperative and Competitive Federalism
- Shared National Agenda
- Decentralized Planning
- Vision and Scenario Planning
- Network of Expertise
- Harmonization
- Conflict Resolution
- Coordinating Interface with the World
- Internal Consultancy
- Capacity Building
- Monitoring and Evaluation
Initiatives like Atal Innovation Mission, Ayushmaan Bharat approach towards water conservation measures and the draft bill to establish the National Medical Commission to replace the Medical Council of India have all been conceptualized in NITI Aayog.
NITI Aayog is also bringing about a greater level of accountability.
It has established a development monitoring and evaluation office which collects data on the performance of various ministries. Using such data, the Aayog makes performance based ranking of states to foster a spirit of competitive federalism. The success of NITI Aayog can be evaluated after a substantial period of time. Pakalm