HCF (==Highest Common Factor==):
Also known as GCD (==Greatest Common Divisor==), it is the largest positive integer that divides two or more integers without leaving a remainder.
![[1000046948.jpg]]
How to Find HCF?
-
HCF by prime factorization
-
HCF by division method
-
HCF by prime factorization
![[1000046954.jpg]]
- HCF by division method
Two numbers
![[1000046951.jpg]]
Three Numbers
![[1000046952.jpg]]
Euclidean Algorithm
As per the Euclidean Algorithm,
HCF(X, Y) = HCF(Y, X mod Y)
where X > Y and mod is the modulo operator.
HCF of Prime Numbers
We know that a prime number has only two factors, 1 and the number itself.
Let us consider two prime numbers 2 and 7, and find their HCF by listing their factors.
The factors of 2 = 1, 2; and
the factors of 7 = 1, 7.
We can see that the only common factor of 2 and 7 is 1.
Hence, the HCF of prime numbers is always equal to 1.
Properties of HCF
- The HCF of two or more numbers divides each of the numbers without a remainder.
- The HCF of two or more numbers is a factor of each of the numbers.
- The HCF of two or more numbers is always less than or equal to each of the numbers.
- The HCF of two or more prime numbers is 1 always.
Relation Between LCM and HCF
LCM (a,b) × HCF (a,b) = a × b
LCM (Least Common Multiple):
It is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by two or more integers
![[1000046962.jpg]]
How to Find LCM?
- LCM by Prime Factorization Method
- LCM using Division Method
-
LCM by Prime Factorization Method
-
LCM using Division Method
![[1000046964.jpg]]
Properties
- The HCF of any given numbers is never greater than any of the numbers
- The LCM of given numbers is not less than any of the given numbers.
- The HCF of co-prime numbers is always 1
- Two numbers are said to be Co Primes if their HCF is 1
- LCM of given co-prime numbers is always equal to the product of the numbers
- The product of LCM and HCF of any two given natural numbers is always equal to the product of those given numbers.
- H.C.F. and L.C.M. of Fractions
![[1000046975.jpg]]