• The preamble of the constitution of India, Declares India a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic.
• Unlike England where a hereditary monarch, either a Queen or a king is the head of the State, India has an elected President as head of the State with a fixed tenure of office.
• The President is the supreme head of all the constitutional wings of the State, i.e the legislature. Executive, Judiciary and Armed Forces.
• The President supervises their functions and ensures adherence to constitutional provisions by theses bodies.
• The President represents the entire nation and upholds the constitution in every sphere of State’s activity.
• But unlike the President of the USA, where the President of the republic wields de-facto (real, functional) executive powers, the President of Indian Republic is not vested with direct executive responsibilities.
• Such direct and real executive responsibilities are assigned by the Constitution to a Council of Ministers led by the Prime Minister, and such Council of Ministers, both collectively and individually responsible and accountable to the union legislature.
• Thus, our Republican form of State is different from American form of Republic, where it is Presidential executive.